I need info on Super Computer(Linux): -History and background -Changes from the time it first started up till the current version today. -Graphical User…

I understood you need information on using linux OS in different supercomputer systems.

Short history of supercomputers in general is on page

http://www.aspsys.com/clusters/beowulf/history/

http://www.linuxgazette.com/node/9721 tells us more about the history of supercomputers and linux, for example:

"Clustering technology enabled large number of Linux machines to be combined into a single computing entity, a parallel computer. In April 1996, researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory used Linux to run 68 PCs as a single parallel processing machine to simulate atomic shock waves.But unlike other Supercomputers costing a fortune, it was rather cheap. The do-it-yourself supercomputer cost only $152,000, including labor (connecting the 68 PCs with cables)-about one tenth the price of a comparable commercial machine. It reached a peak speed of 19 billion calculations per second, making it the 315th most powerful supercomputer in the world. And it was a robust one too. Three months later it still didn't have to be rebooted."

A basic article on supercomputing and Linux is on page

http://www.linuxdevcenter.com/pub/a/linux/2000/06/15/enterprise.html?pa…

Comparing using linux on "traditional" supercomputers, like CRAY, IBM, etc. with using it on cluster supercomputers is discussed on page

http://searchenterpriselinux.techtarget.com/originalContent/0,289142,si…

Two articles on different linux-based supercomputers (2002 and 2004):

http://www.infoworld.com/article/03/08/27/HNsoupuplinux_1.html
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/3532706.stm

Check this recent discussion too:

http://lwn.net/Articles/80137/

The next books should be useful although we don't have them here in HelMet, but they can be found in the University Library:

Linux Clustering: Building and Maintaining Linux Clusters
by Charles Bookman
Sams; 1st edition (June 25, 2002)
ISBN: 1578702747

Building Linux Clusters
By David HM Spector
1st Edition July 2000
ISBN: 1-56592-625-0

And finally, the latest supercomputer innovations are listed here:

http://www.top500.org/